The Virginia Housewife by Mary Randolph
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Mary Randolph >> The Virginia Housewife
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* * * * *
TO SCOLLOP OYSTERS.
When the oysters are opened, put them in a bowl, and wash them out of
their own liquor; put some in the scollop shells, strew over them a few
bread crumbs, and lay a slice of butter on them, then more oysters,
bread crumbs, and a slice of butter on the top; put them into a Dutch
oven to brown, and serve them up in the shells.
* * * * *
TO FRY OYSTERS.
Take a quarter of a hundred of large oysters, wash them and roll them in
grated bread, with pepper and salt, and fry them a light brown; if you
choose, you may add a little parsley, shred fine. They are a proper
garnish for calves' head, or most made dishes.
* * * * *
TO MAKE OYSTER LOAVES.
Take little round loaves, cut off the tops, scrape out all the crumbs,
then put the oysters into a stew pan with the crumbs that came out of
the loaves, a little water, and a good lump of butter; stew them
together ten or fifteen minutes, then put in a spoonful of good cream,
fill your loaves, lay the bit of crust carefully on again, set them in
the oven to crisp. Three are enough for a side dish.
* * * * *
POULTRY, &c.
TO ROAST A GOOSE.
Chop a few sage leaves and two onions very fine, mix them with a good
lump of butter, a tea-spoonful of pepper, and two of salt, put it in the
goose, then split it, lay it down, and dust it with flour; when it is
thoroughly hot, baste it with nice lard; if it be a large one, it will
require an hour and a half, before a good clear fire; when it is enough,
dredge and baste it, pull out the spit, and pour in a little boiling
water.
* * * * *
TO MAKE SAUCE FOR A GOOSE.
Pare, core and slice some apples; put them in a sauce pan, with as much
water as will keep them from burning, set them over a very slow fire,
keep them closely covered till reduced to a pulp, then put in a lump of
butter, and sugar to your taste, beat them well, and send them to the
table in a china bowl.
* * * * *
TO BOIL DUCKS WITH ONION SAUCE.
Scald and draw your ducks, put them in warm water for a few minutes,
then take them out and put them in an earthen pot; pour over them a pint
of boiling milk, and let them lie in it two or three hours; when you
take them out, dredge them well with flour, and put them in a copper of
cold water; put on the cover, let them boil slowly twenty minutes, then
take them out, and smother them with onion sauce.
* * * * *
TO MAKE ONION SAUCE.
Boil eight or ten large onions, change the water two or three times
while they are boiling; when enough, chop them on a board to keep them a
good colour, put them in a sauce pan with a quarter of a pound of butter
and two spoonsful of thick cream; boil it a little, and pour it over the
ducks.
* * * * *
TO ROAST DUCKS.
When you have drawn the ducks, shred one onion and a few sage leaves,
put them into the ducks with pepper and salt, spit and dust them with
flour, and baste them with lard; if your fire be very hot, they will
roast in twenty minutes; and the quicker they are roasted, the better
they will taste. Just before you take them from the spit, dust them with
flour and baste them. Get ready some gravy made of the gizzards and
pinions, a large blade of mace, a few pepper corns, a spoonful of
catsup, a tea-spoonful of lemon pickle; strain it and pour it on the
ducks, and send onion sauce in a boat.
* * * * *
TO BOIL A TURKEY WITH OYSTER SAUCE.
Grate a loaf of bread, chop a score or more of oysters fine, add nutmeg,
pepper and salt to your taste, mix it up into a light forcemeat with a
quarter of a pound of butter, a spoonful or two of cream, and three
eggs; stuff the craw with it, and make the rest into balls and boil
them; sew up the turkey, dredge it well with flour, put it in a kettle
of cold water, cover it, and set it over the fire; as the scum begins to
rise, take it off, let it boil very slowly for half an hour, then take
off your kettle and keep it closely covered; if it be of a middle size,
let it stand in the hot water half an hour, the steam being kept in,
will stew it enough, make it rise, keep the skin whole, tender, and very
white; when you dish it, pour on a little oyster sauce, lay the balls
round, and serve it up with the rest of the sauce in a boat.
N.B. Set on the turkey in time, that it may stew as above; it is the
best way to boil one to perfection. Put it over the fire to heat, just
before you dish it up.
* * * * *
TO MAKE SAUCE FOR A TURKEY.
As you open the oysters, put a pint into a bowl, wash them out of their
own liquor, and put them in another bowl; when the liquor has settled,
pour it off into a sauce pan with a little white gravy, and a
tea-spoonful of lemon pickle--thicken it with flour and a good lump of
butter; boil it three or four minutes, put in a spoonful of good cream,
add the oysters, keep shaking them over the fire till they are quite
hot, but don't let them boil, for it will make them hard and appear
small.
* * * * *
TO ROAST A TURKEY.
Make the forcemeat thus: take the crumb of a loaf of bread, a quarter of
a pound of beef suet shred fine, a little sausage meat or veal scraped
and pounded very fine, nutmeg, pepper, and salt to your taste; mix it
lightly with three eggs, stuff the craw with it, spit it, and lay it
down a good distance from the fire, which should be clear and brisk;
dust and baste it several times with cold lard; it makes the froth
stronger than basting it with the hot out of the dripping pan, and makes
the turkey rise better; when it is enough, froth it up as before, dish
it, and pour on the same gravy as for the boiled turkey, or bread sauce;
garnish with lemon and pickles, and serve it up; if it be of a middle
size, it will require one hour and a quarter to roast.
* * * * *
TO MAKE SAUCE FOR A TURKEY.
Cut the crumb of a loaf of bread in thin slices, and put it in cold
water with a few pepper corns, a little salt and onion--then boil it
till the bread is quite soft, beat it well, put in a quarter of a pound
of butter, two spoonsful of thick cream, and put it in the dish with the
turkey.
* * * * *
TO BOIL FOWLS.
Dust the fowls well with flour, put them in a kettle of cold water,
cover it close, set it on the fire; when the scum begins to rise, take
it off, let them boil very slowly for twenty minutes, then take them
off, cover them close, and the heat of the water will stew them enough
in half an hour; it keeps the skin whole, and they will be both whiter
and plumper than if they had boiled fast; when you take them up, drain
them, and pour over them white sauce or melted butter.
* * * * *
TO MAKE WHITE SAUCE FOR FOWLS.
Take a scrag of veal, the necks of fowls, or any bits of mutton or veal
you have; put them in a sauce pan with a blade or two of mace, a few
black pepper corns, one anchovy, a head of celery, a bunch of sweet
herbs, a slice of the end of a lemon; put in a quart of water, cover it
close, let it boil till it is reduced to half a pint, strain it, and
thicken it with a quarter of a pound of butter mixed with flour, boil it
five or six minutes, put in two spoonsful of pickled mushrooms, mix the
yelks of two eggs with a tea cup full of good cream and a little
nutmeg--put it in the sauce, keep shaking it over the fire, but don't
let it boil.
* * * * *
FRICASSEE OF SMALL CHICKENS.
Take off the legs and wings of four chickens, separate the breasts from
the backs, cut off the necks and divide the backs across, clean the
gizzards nicely, put them with the livers and other parts of the
chicken, after being washed clean, into a sauce pan, add pepper, salt,
and a little mace, cover them with water, and stew them till
tender--then take them out, thicken half a pint of the water with two
table spoonsful of flour rubbed into four ounces of butter, add half a
pint of new milk, boil all together a few minutes, then add a gill of
white wine, stirring it in carefully that it may not curdle; put the
chickens in, and continue to shake the pan until they are sufficiently
hot, and serve them up.
* * * * *
TO ROAST LARGE FOWLS.
Take the fowls when they are ready dressed, put them down to a good
fire, dredge and baste them well with lard; they will be near an hour in
roasting; make a gravy of the necks and gizzards, strain it, put in a
spoonful of brown flour; when you dish them, pour on the gravy, and
serve them up with egg sauce in a boat.
* * * * *
TO MAKE EGG SAUCE.
Boil four eggs for ten minutes, chop half the whites, put them with the
yelks, and chop them both together, but not very fine; put them into a
quarter of a pound of good melted butter, and put it in a boat.
* * * * *
TO BOIL YOUNG CHICKENS.
Put the chickens in scalding water; as soon as the feathers will slip
off, take them out, or it will make the skin hard and break: when you
have drawn them, lay them in skimmed milk for two hours, then truss and
dust them well with flour, put them in cold water, cover them close, set
them over a very slow fire, take off the scum, let them boil slowly for
five or six minutes, take them off the fire, keep them closely covered
in the water for half an hour, it will stew them enough; when you are
going to dish them, set them over the fire to make them hot, drain them,
and pour over white sauce made the same way as for the boiled fowls.
* * * * *
TO ROAST YOUNG CHICKENS.
When you kill young chickens, pluck them very carefully, truss and put
them down to a good fire, dredge and baste them with lard; they will
take a quarter of an hour in roasting; froth them up, lay them on the
dish, pour butter and parsley on, and serve them up hot.
* * * * *
FRIED CHICKENS.
Cut them up as for the fricassee, dredge them well with flour, sprinkle
them with salt, put them into a good quantity of boiling lard, and fry
them a light brown; fry small pieces of mush and a quantity of parsley
nicely picked, to be served in the dish with the chickens; take half a
pint of rich milk, add to it a small bit of butter, with pepper, salt,
and chopped parsley; stew it a little, and pour it over the chickens,
and then garnish with the fried parsley.
* * * * *
TO ROAST WOODCOCKS OR SNIPES.
Pluck, but do not draw them, put them on a small spit, dredge and baste
them well with lard, toast a few slices of bread, put them on a clean
plate, and set it under the birds while they are roasting; if the fire
be good, they will take about ten minutes; when you take them from the
spit, lay them upon the toasts on the dish, pour melted butter round
them, and serve them up.
* * * * *
TO ROAST WILD DUCKS OR TEAL.
When the ducks are ready dressed, put in them a small onion, pepper,
salt, and a spoonful of red wine; if the fire be good, they will roast
in twenty minutes; make gravy of the necks and gizzards, a spoonful of
red wine, half an anchovy, a blade or two of mace, one onion, and a
little cayenne pepper; boil it till it is wasted to half a pint, strain
it through a hair sieve, and pour it on the ducks--serve them up with
onion sauce in a boat; garnish the dish with raspings of bread.
* * * * *
TO BOIL PIGEONS.
Scald the pigeons, draw them, take the craw out, wash them in several
waters, cut off the pinions, turn the legs under the wings, dredge them,
and put them in soft cold water; boil them slowly a quarter of an hour,
dish them up, pour over them good melted butter, lay round a little
brocoli in bunches, and send butter and parsley in a boat.
* * * * *
TO ROAST PIGEONS.
When you have dressed your pigeons as before, roll a good lump of butter
in chopped parsley, with pepper and salt, put it in your pigeons, spit,
dust and baste them; if the fire be good, they will roast in twenty
minutes; when they are through, lay round them bunches of asparagus,
with parsley and butter for sauce.
* * * * *
TO ROAST PARTRIDGES OR ANY SMALL BIRDS.
Lard them with slips of bacon, put them on a skewer, tie it to the spit
at both ends, dredge and baste them, let them roast ten minutes, take
the grated crumb of half a loaf of bread, with a piece of butter, the
size of a walnut, put it in a stew pan, and shake it over a gentle fire
till it is of a light brown, lay it between your birds, and pour over
them a little melted butter.
* * * * *
TO BROIL RABBITS.
When you have cased the rabbits, skewer them with their heads straight
up, the fore-legs brought down, and the hind-legs straight; boil them
three quarters of an hour at least, then smother them with onion sauce,
made the same as for boiled ducks, and serve them up.
* * * * *
TO ROAST RABBITS.
When you have cased the rabbits, skewer their heads with their mouths
upon their backs, stick their fore-legs into their ribs, skewer the
hind-legs doubled, then make a pudding for them of the crumb of half a
loaf of bread, a little parsley, sweet marjoram and thyme, all shred
fine, nutmeg, salt and pepper to your taste, mix them up into a light
stuffing, with a quarter of a pound of butter, a little good cream, and
two eggs; put it into the body, and sew them up; dredge and baste them
well with lard, roast them near an hour, serve them up with parsley and
butter for sauce, chop the livers, and lay them in lumps round the edge
of the dish.
* * * * *
TO STEW WILD DUCKS.
Having prepared the fowls, rub the insides with salt, pepper, and a
little powdered cloves; put a shallot or two with a lump of butter in
the body of each, then lay them in a pan that will just hold them,
putting butter under and over them, with vinegar and water, and add
pepper, salt, lemon peel, and a bunch of sweet herbs; then cover the pan
close, and let them stew till done--pass the liquor through a sieve,
pour it over the ducks, and serve them up hot, with a garnish of lemon
sliced, and raspings of bread fried. The same way may teal, &c. be
dressed.
* * * * *
TO DRESS DUCKS WITH JUICE OF ORANGES.
The ducks being singed, picked, and drawn, mince the livers with a
little scraped bacon, some butter, green onions, sweet herbs and
parsley, seasoned with salt, pepper, and mushrooms; these being all
minced together, put them into the bodies of the ducks, and roast them,
covered with slices of bacon, and wrapped up in paper; then put a little
gravy, the juice of an orange, a few shallots minced, into a stew pan,
and shake in a little pepper; when the ducks are roasted, take off the
bacon, dish them, and pour your sauce with the juice of oranges over
them, and serve them up hot.
* * * * *
TO DRESS DUCKS WITH ONIONS.
Stuff the ducks as before, cut the roots off small onions, blanch them
in scalding water, then pick and put them into a stew pan with a little
gravy, set them over a gentle fire, and let them simmer; when they are
done, thicken them with cream and flour, and when the ducks are roasted,
dish them, pour the ragout of onions over, and serve them up hot.
* * * * *
TO ROAST A CALF'S HEAD.
Wash and pick the head very nicely; having taken out the brains and
tongue, prepare a good quantity of forced meat, with veal and suet well
seasoned; fill the hole of the head with this forced meat, skewer and
tie it together upon the spit, and roast it for an hour and a half. Beat
up the brains with a little sage and parsley shred fine, a little salt,
and the yelks of two or three eggs; boil the tongue, peel, and cut it
into large dice, fry that with the brains, also some of the forced meat
made up into balls, and slices of bacon. Let the sauce be strong gravy,
with oysters, mushrooms, capers, and a little white wine thickened.
* * * * *
TO MAKE A DISH OF CURRY AFTER THE EAST INDIAN MANNER.
Cut two chickens as for fricassee, wash them clean, and put them in a
stew pan with as much water as will cover them; sprinkle them with a
large spoonful of salt, and let them boil till tender, covered close all
the time, and skim them well; when boiled enough, take up the chickens,
and put the liquor of them into a pan, then put half a pound of fresh
butter in the pan, and brown it a little; put into it two cloves of
garlic, and a large onion sliced, and let these all fry till brown,
often shaking the pan; then put in the chickens, and sprinkle over them
two or three spoonsful of curry powder; then cover the pan close, and
let the chickens do till brown, often shaking the pan; then put in the
liquor the chickens were boiled in, and let all stew till tender; if
acid is agreeable squeeze the juice of a lemon or orange in it.
* * * * *
DISH OF RICE TO BE SERVED UP WITH THE CURRY, IN A DISH BY ITSELF.
Take half a pound of rice, wash it clean in salt and water--then put it
into two quarts of boiling water, and boil it briskly twenty minutes;
strain it through a colander and shake it into a dish, but do not touch
it with your fingers nor with a spoon.
Beef, veal, mutton, rabbits, fish, &c. may be curried and sent to table
with or without the dish of rice.
Curry powder is used as a fine flavoured seasoning for fish, fowls,
steaks, chops, veal cutlets, hashes, minces, alamodes, turtle soup, and
in all rich dishes, gravies, sauce, &c. &c.
* * * * *
OCHRA AND TOMATOS.
Take an equal quantity of each, let the ochra be young, slice it, and
skin the tomatos; put them into a pan without water, add a lump of
butter, an onion chopped fine, some pepper and salt, and stew them one
hour.
* * * * *
GUMBO--A WEST INDIA DISH.
Gather young pods of ochra, wash them clean, and put them in a pan with
a little water, salt and pepper, stew them till tender, and serve them
with melted butter. They are very nutritious, and easy of digestion.
* * * * *
PEPPER POT.
Boil two or three pounds of tripe, cut it in pieces, and put it on the
fire with a knuckle of veal, and a sufficient quantity of water; part of
a pod of pepper, a little spice, sweet herbs according to your taste,
salt, and some dumplins; stew it till tender, and thicken the gravy with
butter and flour.
* * * * *
SPANISH METHOD OF DRESSING GIBLETS.
Take the entrails of fat full grown fowls, empty them of their
contents--open them with a sharp knife, scrape off the inner coat; wash
them clean, and put them on to boil with the liver, gizzard, and other
giblets; add salt, pepper, and chopped onion--when quite tender, set
them by to cool; put some nice dripping or butter in a pan, when it
boils put the giblets, add salt, fry them a nice brown; when nearly
done, break six eggs in a bowl, beat them a little, pour them over the
giblets, stir them for a few minutes, and serve them up.
* * * * *
PASTE FOR MEAT DUMPLINS.
Chop half a pound of suet very fine--add one and a quarter pound of
flour, and a little salt--mix it up with half a pint of milk, knead it
till it looks light; take a bowl of proper size, rub the inside with
butter, roll out the paste and lay it in; parboil beef steaks,
mutton-chops, or any kind of meat you like; season it and lay it in the
bowl--fill it with rich gravy, close the paste over the top--get a very
thick cloth that will keep out the water; wet and flour it, place it
over the top of the bowl--gather it at bottom and tie it very securely;
the water must boil when you put it in--when done, dip the top in cold
water for a moment, that the cloth may not stick to the paste; untie and
take it off carefully--put a dish on the bowl and turn it over--if
properly made, it will come out without breaking; have gravy in a boat
to eat with it.
* * * * *
TO MAKE AN OLLO--A SPANISH DISH.
Take two pounds beef, one pound mutton, a chicken, or half a pullet, and
a small piece of pork; put them into a pot with very little water, and
set it on the fire at ten o'clock, to stew gently; you must sprinkle
over it an onion chopped small, some pepper and salt, before you pour in
the water; at half after twelve, put into the pot two or three apples or
pears, peeled and cut in two, tomatos with the skin taken off, cimblins
cut in pieces, a handful of mint chopped, lima beans, snaps, and any
kind of vegetable you like; let them all stew together till three
o'clock; some cellery tops cut small, and added at half after two, will
improve it much.
* * * * *
ROPA VEIJA--SPANISH.
Peel the skin from ripe tomatos, put them in a pan with a spoonful of
melted butter, some pepper and salt, shred cold meat or fowl; put it in,
and fry it sufficiently.
* * * * *
CHICKEN PUDDING, A FAVOURITE VIRGINIA DISH.
Beat ten eggs very light, add to them a quart of rich milk, with a
quarter of a pound of butter melted, and some pepper and salt; stir in
as much flour as will make a thin good batter; take four young chickens,
and after cleaning them nicely, cut off the legs, wings, &c. put them
all in a sauce pan, with some salt and water, and a bundle of thyme and
parsley, boil them till nearly done, then take the chicken from the
water and put it in the batter pour it in a dish, and bake it; send nice
white gravy in a boat.
* * * * *
TO MAKE POLENTA.
Put a large spoonful of butter in a quart of water, wet your corn meal
with cold water in a bowl, add some salt, and make it quite smooth, then
put it in the buttered water when it is hot, let it boil, stirring it
continually till done; as soon as you can handle it, make it into a
ball, and let it stand till quite cold--then cut it in thin slices, lay
them in the bottom of a deep dish so as to cover it, put on it slices of
cheese, and on that a few bits of butter; then mush, cheese and butter,
until the dish is full; put on the top thin slices of cheese and butter,
put the dish in a quick oven; twenty or thirty minutes will bake it.
* * * * *
MACARONI.
Boil as much macaroni as will fill your dish, in milk and water, till
quite tender; drain it on a sieve sprinkle a little salt over it, put a
layer in your dish then cheese and butter as in the polenta, and bike it
in the same manner.
* * * * *
MOCK MACARONI.
Break some crackers in small pieces, soak them in milk until they are
soft; then use them as a substitute for macaroni.
* * * * *
TO MAKE CROQUETS.
Take cold fowl or fresh meat of any kind, with slices of ham, fat and
lean--chop them together very fine, add half as much stale bread grated,
salt, pepper, grated nutmeg, a tea-spoonful of made mustard, a
table-spoonful of catsup, and a lump of butter; knead all well together
till it resembles sausage meat, make them in cakes, dip them in the yelk
of an egg beaten, cover them thickly with grated bread, and fry them a
light brown.
* * * * *
TO MAKE VERMECELLI.
Beat two or three fresh eggs quite light, make them into a stiff paste
with flour, knead it well, and roll it out very thin, cut it in narrow
strips, give them a twist, and dry them quickly on tin sheets. It is an
excellent ingredient in most soups, particularly those that are thin.
Noodles are made in the same manner, only instead of strips they should
be cut in tiny squares and dried. They are also good in soups.
* * * * *
COMMON PATTIES.
Take some veal, fat and lean, and some slices of boiled ham, chop them
very fine, and season it with salt, pepper, grated nutmeg, and a small
quantity of parsley and thyme minced very fine; with a little gravy make
some paste, cover the bottoms of small moulds, fill them with the meat,
put thin lids on, and bake them crisp; five is enough for a side dish.
* * * * *
EGGS IN CROQUETS.
Boil eighteen eggs, separate the yelks and whites, and cut them in dice;
pour over them a sauce a-la-creme, _(see sauce a-la-creme,)_ add a
little grated bread, mix all well together, and let it get cold; put in
some salt and pepper, make them into cakes, cover them well on both
sides with grated bread, let them stand an hour, and fry them a nice
brown; dry them a little before the fire, and dish them while quite hot.
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